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  1. Chemistry | Definition, Topics, Types, History, & Facts | Britannica

    6 days ago · Cooking, fermentation, glass making, and metallurgy are all chemical processes that date from the beginnings of civilization. Today, vinyl, Teflon, liquid crystals, semiconductors, and …

  2. Chemical synthesis | Organic & Inorganic Reactions | Britannica

    Chemical compounds are made up of atoms of different elements, joined together by chemical bonds. A chemical synthesis usually involves the breaking of existing bonds and the formation of new ones.

  3. Chemical reaction | Definition, Equations, Examples, & Types - Britannica

    Jan 13, 2026 · A chemical reaction is a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products. Substances are either chemical …

  4. Chemical Banking Corporation | Merger, Acquisition, Rebranding ...

    Jan 14, 2026 · The merged company became the Chemical Banking Corporation. In 1996 the firm, which was by then the second-largest bank in the United States, merged with another New York …

  5. Cellular respiration | Definition, Equation, Cycle, Process, Reactants ...

    Jan 9, 2026 · Cellular respiration, the process by which organisms combine oxygen with foodstuff molecules, diverting the chemical energy in these substances into life-sustaining activities and …

  6. Gold | Facts, Properties, & Uses | Britannica

    5 days ago · gold (Au), chemical element, a dense lustrous yellow precious metal of Group 11 (Ib), Period 6, of the periodic table of the elements. Gold has several qualities that have made it …

  7. Sodium bicarbonate | Definition, Uses, & Formula | Britannica

    Jan 21, 2026 · sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), white crystalline or powdery solid that is a source of carbon dioxide and so is used as an ingredient in baking powders, in effervescent salts and …

  8. Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) | Britannica

    Jan 6, 2026 · Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC), international treaty that bans the use of chemical weapons in war and prohibits all development, production, acquisition, stockpiling, or transfer of such …

  9. Caffeine | Stimulant, Health Benefits, Addiction | Britannica

    Jan 8, 2026 · Caffeine, nitrogenous organic compound of the alkaloid group, substances that have marked physiological effects. Caffeine occurs in tea, coffee, guarana, maté, kola nuts, and cacao. …

  10. Ethanol | Definition, Formula, Uses, & Facts | Britannica

    Jan 23, 2026 · Ethanol is an important industrial chemical; it is used as a solvent, in the synthesis of other organic chemicals, and as an additive to gasoline. It is also the intoxicating ingredient of many …