Machines and processes are controlled using many strategies, from simple ladder logic to custom algorithms for specialized process control, but proportional-integral-derivative (PID) is the most ...

PID loops are a central component of modulating boiler control systems with applications ranging from basic steam header pressure control to cascading 3-element drum level control. A modern ...

While not exact, a mathematical model gives the designer a good starting point for designing the compensation of a WLED current-regulating boost converter. In addition, the designer can measure the ...

How to read Bode plots to assess dynamic control behavior of a power-supply design. Observing Bode plots from an example voltage regulator to observe control-loop speed and stability. This article ...

The days when converter manufacturers would have little option but to rely on the expertise of power-module specialists to design filters, optimize the control loop, and provide the result, have given ...

Plant engineers and technicians are frequently asked to tune the controller when a control loop’s process value has prolonged or significant excursions from the set point. But in many instances, no ...