Optical waves propagating through air or multi-mode fiber can be patterned or decomposed using orthogonal spatial modes, with far-ranging applications in imaging, communication, and directed energy.

Spatial mode (de)multiplexing of orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams is a promising solution to address future bandwidth issues, but the rapidly increasing divergence with the mode order severely ...

Spatial modes have found widespread applications in spatial division multiplexing (SDM), sensing, quantum information processing, and on-chip machine learning. The capability to manipulate multiple ...

Toward developing chip-integrated and miniaturized nanophotonic devices, the incorporation of metasurfaces onto optical waveguides has attracted widespread attention as a compact platform for ...

Researchers have developed a microscopic 3D-printed optical device that can efficiently combine light from dozens of small semiconductor lasers into a single multimode optical fiber with very low loss ...

Spatial biology: high parameter spatial analysis of intact specimens, including both image-based and sequencing-based omics methods, have rapidly gained popularity. Developers strive to enable ...