Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is an optical methodology widely used to detect and quantify molecular interactions. SPR is considered the gold standard for quantification of protein interactions, but ...

Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is a sample preparation method developed to solve some of the analytical challenges of sample preparation as well as sample introduction and integration of different ...

The new industrial revolution, “Industry 4.0,” has been leading to changes in the pharmaceutical industry (“Pharma 4.0”), where significant paradigm shifts have been occurring in the pharmaceutical ...