Volcanic forcing represents a powerful natural driver of Earth’s climate system through the injection of sulphate aerosols and ash into the stratosphere. These aerosols increase planetary albedo, ...

Variations in solar output on timescales from days to centuries exert a measurable influence on Earth’s climate system through changes in radiative forcing, atmospheric chemistry and circulation. The ...

From late June to mid-July of 2021, the Pacific Northwest was scorched under an unprecedented heat dome, shattering temperature records and igniting a wave of concern over climate extremes. As cities ...

The optimal fingerprinting method (OFM) has been used extensively to detect and attribute the effects of climate change. A recent analysis of the various assumptions used by OFM has revealed several ...

The fluvial geomorphology field has long investigated the interplay between climate, hydrology, and sediment transport in river systems. Recent studies ...

The Earth’s atmosphere is nothing but freely roaming molecules. Left alone, they would drift and collide, and eventually even out into a mixture that’s dynamic, yet stable and broadly unchanging. The ...

The field of food systems research is increasingly focused on the intersecting challenges of climate change, market ...